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ABLE Account vs Special Needs Trust: Which Is Better?

2024-10-177 min read

Both ABLE accounts and special needs trusts protect benefits, but they serve different purposes.

ABLE Accounts

What They Are

Tax-advantaged savings accounts for people with disabilities.

Eligibility

Disability onset before age 26.

Contribution Limits

$17,000/year (2024), lifetime varies by state.

Benefits

  • Tax-free growth
  • Beneficiary can control
  • Simple to set up
  • Low cost

Limitations

  • Asset cap ($100,000 for SSI purposes)
  • Medicaid payback at death
  • Limited to one account

Special Needs Trusts

Benefits

  • No contribution limits
  • No asset limits
  • Greater flexibility
  • Can be third-party (no payback)

Considerations

  • More expensive to create
  • Requires trustee
  • More complex administration

Using Both Together

Many families use both:

  • ABLE for day-to-day expenses
  • SNT for larger amounts and long-term planning

Make the Right Choice

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